TECHNICAL ISO/TR REPORT 23602 First edition 2005-07-01 Toughness of chain steels Résistance des aciers pour chaines Reference number ISO/TR 23602:2005(E) @ ISO 2005 ISO/TR23602:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is atrademarkof Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by IsO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ? ISO2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56:CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 4122 7490947 E-mail [email protected] Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii @ISO2005-Allrightsreserved ISO/TR 23602:2005(E) Contents Page Foreword. 1 Scope. 2 Normative references 3 Types of chain and extraction of specimens. 4 Materials, chemical composition and heat-treatment.. 5 Tensile tests on chains .. 6 Conventional tensile tests on standard specimens 7 Notch impact tests... 8 Fracture mechanics tests on notched chain links with slits.. 9 Fracture mechanics tests on notched three-point bend specimens with slits and fatigue cracks.... ..6 10 Correlation between the load-bearing capacity of chain links containing slits and material toughness.... 11 Fracture mechanics derivation of chain links . 12 Load-bearing and brittle fracture transition concept Requirements. .8 13 Correlation of test results with data from the literature . ..9 14 Summary.. ..9 Figure 1 - Results Cy tests: Standard specimen (EN 10045).. .11 Figure 2 Load-time diagram for instrumented C .13 Figure 3 Crack arrest load as function of temperature Figure 4-Noncrystalline area in Cy Test Figure 5 - Load-COD diagram for TPB specimens with fatigue crack and eroded slits material type T, T= -40 °C .... Figure 6 - Load-CoD diagram for TPB specimens with fatigue crack and eroded slits material grade VH, T= -40 °C.. .17 Figure 7 Comparison of pre-cracked and eroded chain link material grade VH, T = -4o °C .. ..18 Figure 8 Chain link specimen . .19 Figure 9 Clip gauge fixed in chain link.. ..20 Figure 10 - Calibration of clip gauge for CoD measurement.. Figure 11 - Test specimen at -40 °C, three links... ...21 Figure 12 - Effect of slit size on loadability of chain, T = -40 °C ... Figure 13 - Load-CoD diagram for tension tests on chains with eroded slit, T = -40 °C, ald = 0,22....23 Figure 14 - Load-CoD diagram for tension tests on chains with eroded slit, T = -40 °C, ald = 0,43 ....24 Figure 15 Load-CoD diagram for tension tests on chains with eroded slit, T = -40 °C, ald = 0,64....25 Figure 16 Stable crack growth chain Type T, ald = 0,22 Marked by heat tinting. ...26 Figure 17 Effect of slit size on absorbed energy of chains, T = -40 °C 27 ISO 2005 - All rights reserved ili ISO/TR23602:2005(E) Figure 18Fracture mechanics tests on TPB specimens.... Figure 19 - Fracture mechanics concepts.... Figure 20 Fracture toughness values for TPB specimens with eroded slits, T = -40 °C, a/w = 0,5....30 Figure 21 - R-curves material Type T, T = -40 °C, alw = 0,4... ....31 Figure 22 — R-curves material Type T, T = -40 °C, a/w = 0,4 . ...32 Figure 23 - Nominal fracture stress in chain link, correlated with fracture mechanics properties..... 33 Figure 25 Correlation of fracture load and Cy toughness . ....35. Figure 26 - Correlation nominal fracture stress of chain and Cy toughness.. ..36 Figure 27 Finite element analysis of chain links with eroded slit, ald = O... ..37 Figure 28 Finite ele